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• particle trapping
  • optical

• particle trapping
  • optical
    • and Earnshaw theorem in electrostatics (for example, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earnshaw's_theorem): Huisken J et al 2007, Ashkin A and Gordon 1983
    • alignment: see particle, manipulation, alignment, optical means
    • and Raman spectroscopy of single particles: Mao H and Luchette 2008
    • applications
    • arrays
      • comparison of variout trap types: Fournier JM et al 2008
      • evanescent-wave based
        • moving, see particle moving, optical means, array of optical traps
      • holographic
        • dynamic
          • combined with sub-nanometer particle tracking: Conkey DB et al 2011
          • variations of amplitudes of trap sites
            • minimization: Persson M et al 2010
          • review: Dufresne ER et al 2001
        • review: Dufresne ER et al 2001
        • static: Dufresne ER et al 2001
      • parabolic mirror-based: Merenda F et al 2007b
      • refractive traps: Merenda F et al 2007a
      • review: Fournier JM et al 2004
    • autofluorescence of
      • motile algae: König K et al 1998
      • trapped cells: König K et al 1997, König K et al 1996, König K et al 1995b, König K et al 1995a
    • at large working distance (~100 µm): Huisken J et al 2007
    • axial force, see force, axial
    • brownian motion
      • limiting transport velocity of a moving 1D array of traps: Šiler M et al 2008
      • suppression by active stabilization: Bowman R et al 2011
    • calibration, see force, calibration
    • cell
      • IR beam: Ashkin A et al 1987
    • damage to cells, see also heating of trapped particles
      • as inferred from pH gradient across cell wall: Rasmussen MB et al 2008
      • multi-photon process: König K et al 1997, König K et al 1996, König K et al 1995a
      • single-photon process, effect of oxygen: Neuman KC et al 1999
    • differences between homogeneous and nonhomogeneous particles and living cells: Eriksson E et al 2007c
    • efficiency
      • immersion oil effect: Reihani SNS and Oddershede 2007
    • early demonstration: Ashkin A 1970
    • force
      • axial
        • detection: Deufel C and Wang 2006
        • measurement: Conkey DB et al 2011
        • theory
          • transparent microsphere in laser beam focus: Maia Neto PA and Nussenzveig 2000
      • balance between forces due to laser power gradient and light scattering: Knox KJ et al 2007
      • calculation method for particle of arbitrary size and shape: Bonessi D et al 2007
      • calibration
        • absolute: Viana NB et al 2007
        • using DNA molecule stretching: Deufel C and Wang 2006
        • using brownian motion: Lukić B et al 2007, Neuman KC and Block 2004, Rohrbach A et al 2004 (Langevin method), Florin EL et al 1998
      • dependence on bubble and trap diameters: Jones PH et al 2007
      • measurement
        • 3D: Merenda F et al 2009
      • transverse
        • dependence on bubble and trap diameters: Jones PH et al 2007
        • measurement: Conkey DB et al 2011
    • gradient force trap: Ashkin A et al 1986
    • heating of trapped particles
      • cells, see also damage to cells
        • localized: Parkin SJ et al 2007, Bishop AI et al 2004, Liu Y et al 1995
        • comprehensive model: Peterman EJ et al 2003
      • metallic nanoparticles: Reihani SNS and Oddershede 2007, Seol Y et al 2006
      • trapping beap focus: Celliers PM and Conia 2000
      • see also nanoparticles, heating
    • history: Ashkin A 2000
    • holographic
      • theory: Sun B et al 2008
      • see also particle trapping, optical
        • theory
        • with, holographic tweezers
    • inside living cell, see particle trapping, optical, of, objects inside living cells
    • model for biological cells: Chang YR et al 2006
    • modeling software
      • Matlab functions using T-matrix approach: Nieminen TA et al 2007
    • near charged surface: Ahlawat S et al 2007
    • of
    • polarization effects: Dutra RS et al 2007
    • ray tracing of deforming cell, see ray tracing, dynamic, deforming cell in optical trap
    • review: Dholakia K and Čižmár 2011, Stevenson DJ et al 2010, McGloin D et al 2008, McGloin D 2006, Grier DG and Roichman 2006, Grier DG 2003, Neuman KC and Block 2004, Ashkin A 2000, Ashkin A 1997, Ashkin A and Dziedzic 1987
    • rotation
    • temperature control: Mao H et al 2005
    • theory
      • Maia Neto PA and Nussenzveig 2000
      • see also particle trapping, optical, holographic, theory
    • transverse force, see force, transverse
    • trap stiffness
      • control by aperture in back focal plane: Bowman R et al 2010
    • use, see applications
    • with
    • see also particle manipulation
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  [Please how can the index be improved.]